Europe
- Abkhazia - Mikheil, Prince of Abkhazia (1822–1864)
- Belgium
- Monarch - Léopold I, King of the Belgians (1831–1865)
- Cabinet Chief -
- Jean Baptiste, Baron Nothomb, Cabinet Chief of Belgium (1841–1845)
- Sylvain van de Weyer, Cabinet Chief of Belgium (1845–1846)
- Denmark
- Monarch - Christian VIII, King of Denmark (1839–1848)
- Prime Minister - Poul Christian Stemann, Minister of State of Denmark (1842–1848)
- France -
- Monarch - Louis Philippe, King of the French (1830–1848)
- Prime Minister - Nicolas Jean de Dieu Soult, duc de Dalmatie, Prime Minister of France (1840–1847)
- German Confederation
- Austria - Ferdinand I, Emperor of Austria (1835–1848)
- Chancellor - Prince Klemens Wenzel von Metternich, Chancellor of Austria (1821–1848)
- Prussia -
- Monarch - Friedrich Wilhelm IV, King of Prussia (1840–1861)
- Chief Minister - Ludwig Gustav von Thile, Chief Minister of Prussia (1841–1848)
- Bavaria -
- Monarch - Ludwig I, King of Bavaria (1825–1848)
- Prime Minister - Karl von Abel, Prime Minister of Bavaria (1837–1847)
- Saxony - Frederick Augustus, King of Saxony (1836–1854)
- Hanover - Ernest Augustus, King of Hanover (1837–1851)
- Württemberg - William, King of Württemberg (1816–1864)
- Austria - Ferdinand I, Emperor of Austria (1835–1848)
- Greece -
- Monarch - Otto, King of Greece (1832–1862)
- Prime Minister - Ioannis Kolettis, Prime Minister of Greece (1844–1847)
- Hungary - Ferdinand V, King of Hungary (1835–1848)
- Netherlands - William II, King of the Netherlands (1840–1849)
- Ottoman (Turkish) Empire
- Monarch - Abd-ul-Mejid I, Sultan of the Ottoman Empire (1839–1861)
- Grand Vizier - Mehmed Emin Rauf Pasha, Ottoman Grand Vizier (1842–1846)
- Portugal - Maria II, Queen of Portugal (1826–1828, 1834–1853)
- Russia - Nicholas I, Tsar of Russia (1825–1855)
- Spain - Isabella II, Queen of Spain (1833–1868)
- Sweden - United Kingdoms of Sweden and Norway - Oscar I, King of Sweden (1844–1859)
- Tuscany - Leopold II, Grand Duke of Tuscany (1824–1859)
- Two Sicilies - Ferdinand II, King of the Two Sicilies (1830–1859)
- United Kingdom
- Monarch - Victoria, Queen of Great Britain and Ireland (1837–1901)
- Prime Minister - Sir Robert Peel, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (1834–1835, 1841–1846)
Read more about this topic: List Of State Leaders In 1845
Famous quotes containing the word europe:
“I herewith commission you to carry out all preparations with regard to ... a total solution of the Jewish question in those territories of Europe which are under German influence.... I furthermore charge you to submit to me as soon as possible a draft showing the ... measures already taken for the execution of the intended final solution of the Jewish question.”
—Hermann Goering (18931946)
“The city is recruited from the country. In the year 1805, it is said, every legitimate monarch in Europe was imbecile. The city would have died out, rotted, and exploded, long ago, but that it was reinforced from the fields. It is only country which came to town day before yesterday, that is city and court today.”
—Ralph Waldo Emerson (18031882)
“The people of Western Europe are facing this summer a series of tragic dilemmas. Of the hopes that dazzled the last twenty years that some political movement might tend to the betterment of the human lot, little remains above ground but the tattered slogans of the past.”
—John Dos Passos (18961970)