Europe
- Kingdom of Denmark and Norway - Christian IV (1588–1648)
- Duchy of Schleswig - Christian IV (1588–1648) and John Adolphus (1590–1616) in condominial rule
- Kingdom of England — Elizabeth I, Queen of England and Ireland (1558–1603)
- Kingdom of France - Henry IV (1589–1610)
- Holy Roman Empire - Rudolf II (1576–1612)
- Duchy of Bavaria - William V, Duke of Bavaria (1579-1597)
- Bremen, Prince-Archbishopric - John Adolphus (1589–1596)
- Duchy of Holstein - Christian IV (1588–1648) and John Adolphus (1590–1616) in condominial rule
- Prince-Bishopric of Lübeck - John Adolphus (1586–1607)
- Royal Hungary - Rudolf II, Holy Roman Emperor (as Rudolf I) (1576–1608)
- Principality of Moldavia - Aron Tiranul (1592–1595)
- Kingdom of Navarre - Henry III of Navarre (1572–1610)
- Ottoman (Turkish) Empire - Murat III (1574–1595)
- Papal States - Pope Clement VIII (1592–1605)
- Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth - Sigismund III Vasa (1587–1632)
- Russia
- Tsar - Feodor I, Tsar of Russia (1584–1598)
- Regent - Boris Godunov (1584–1598)
- Kingdom of Scotland - James VI (1567–1625)
- Kingdom of Spain and Kingdom of Portugal - Philip II (1556–1598)
- Kingdom of Sweden - Sigismund (1592–1599)
- United Provinces
- Estates of Friesland, Groningen, Guelders, Holland, Overijssel, Utrecht, Zeeland (1581–1795)
- Stadtholder - Maurice of Nassau, Prince of Orange, Stadtholder of Gelre, Holland, Overijssel, Utrecht and Zeeland (1585–1625)
- Grand Pensionary of Holland - Johan van Oldebarnevelt (1586–1619)
- Republic of Venice - Pasqual Cicogna, Doge of Venice (1585–1595)
- Principality of Wallachia - Alexandru cel Rău (1592–1593)
Read more about this topic: List Of State Leaders In 1593
Famous quotes containing the word europe:
“In everyone’s youthful dreams, philosophy is still vaguely but inseparably, and with singular truth, associated with the East, nor do after years discover its local habitation in the Western world. In comparison with the philosophers of the East, we may say that modern Europe has yet given birth to none.”
—Henry David Thoreau (1817–1862)
“In times like ours, where the growing complexity of life leaves us barely the time to read the newspapers, where the map of Europe has endured profound rearrangements and is perhaps on the brink of enduring yet others, where so many threatening and new problems appear everywhere, you will admit it may be demanded of a writer that he be more than a fine wit who makes us forget in idle and byzantine discussions on the merits of pure form ...”
—Marcel Proust (1871–1922)
“Of one thing I can assure you with comparative certainty, whoever wins, Europe will be economically ruined. This war is America’s great opportunity.”
—John Dos Passos (1896–1970)