List of State Leaders in 1591 - Europe

Europe

  • Kingdom of Denmark and Norway - Christian IV (1588–1648)
    • Duchy of Schleswig - Christian IV (1588–1648) and John Adolphus (1590–1616) in condominial rule
  • Kingdom of England — Elizabeth I, Queen of England and Ireland (1558–1603)
  • Kingdom of France - Henry IV (1589–1610)
  • Holy Roman Empire - Rudolf II (1576–1612)
    • Prince-Archbishopric of Bremen - John Adolphus (1589–1596)
    • Duchy of Holstein - Christian IV (1588–1648) and John Adolphus (1590–1616) in condominial rule
    • Prince-Bishopric of Lübeck - John Adolphus (1586–1607)
  • Royal Hungary - Rudolf II, Holy Roman Emperor (as Rudolf I) (1576–1608)
  • Kingdom of Navarre - Henry III (1572–1610)
  • Ottoman (Turkish) Empire - Murat III (1574–1595)
  • Papal States
    1. Pope Gregory XIV (1590–1591)
    2. Pope Innocent IX (1591)
  • Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth - Sigismund III Vasa (1587–1632)
  • Russia
    • Tsar - Feodor I, Tsar of Russia (1584–1598)
    • Regent - Boris Godunov (1584–1598)
  • Kingdom of Scotland - James VI (1567–1625)
  • Kingdom of Spain and Kingdom of Portugal - Philip II (1556–1598)
  • Kingdom of Sweden - John III (1568–1592)
  • United Provinces
    • Estates of Friesland, Groningen, Guelders, Holland, Overijssel, Utrecht, Zeeland (1581–1795)
    • Stadtholder - Maurice of Nassau, Prince of Orange, Stadtholder of Gelre, Holland, Overijssel, Utrecht and Zeeland (1585–1625)
    • Grand Pensionary of Holland - Johan van Oldebarnevelt (1586–1619)
  • Republic of Venice - Pasqual Cicogna, Doge of Venice (1585–1595)

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Famous quotes containing the word europe:

    “The confrontation between America and Europe reveals not so much a rapprochement as a distortion, an unbridgeable rift. There isn’t just a gap between us, but a whole chasm of modernity.”
    —Jean Baudrillard (b. 1929)

    “For it does not follow because many books are written by persons born in America that there exists an American literature. Books which imitate or represent the thoughts and life of Europe do not constitute an American literature. Before such can exist, an original idea must animate this nation and fresh currents of life must call into life fresh thoughts along its shores.”
    —Margaret Fuller (1810–1850)

    “We are participants, whether we would or not, in the life of the world.... We are partners with the rest. What affects mankind is inevitably our affair as well as the nations of Europe and Asia.”
    —Woodrow Wilson (1856–1924)