Middle East and North Africa
- Abbasid Caliphate - An-Nasir, Caliph of Baghdad (1180–1225)
- Emirate of Aleppo - Al-Aziz (1216–1236)
- Almohad Caliphate - Abu Ya'qub Yusuf II (1213–1224)
- Principality of Antioch - Bohemond IV (1219–1233)
- Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia - Isabella (1219–1252)
- Ayyubid Sultanate - Al-Kamil, Sultan of Egypt (1218–1238)
- Baghdad - An-Nasir, Abbasid caliph of Baghdad (1180–1225)
- Byzantine Empire - in exile in the Empire of Nicaea - Theodore I Lascaris (1204–1222)
- Kingdom of Cyprus - Henry I (1218–1253)
- Sultanate of Damascus - Al-Mu'azzam (1218–1227)
- Kingdom of Georgia - Giorgi IV Lasha (1213–1223)
- Hamah –
- Al-Mansur I Ayyubid Emir of Hamah (1191–1221)
- Al-Nasir Ayyubid Emir of Hamah (1221–1229)
- Emirate of Homs - Al-Mujahid (1186–1240)
- Kingdom of Jerusalem (in Acre) - Yolande (1212–1228) (John of Brienne, regent, 1212–1225)
- The Jezirah - Al-Ashraf Ayyubid ruler of the Jezirah (1218–1237)
- Latin Empire of Constantinople - Conon of Bethune, regent (1219–1221) in the absence of Robert of Courtenay
- Sultanate of Rûm - Kayqubad I (1220–1237)
- Empire of Trebizond - Alexius I (1204–1222)
- County of Tripoli - Bohemond IV (1219–1233)
- Emirate of Yemen - Al-Mas'ud Yusuf (1215–1229)
Read more about this topic: List Of State Leaders In 1221
Famous quotes containing the words middle east, middle, east, north and/or africa:
“The blood of Abraham, God’s father of the chosen, still flows in the veins of Arab, Jew, and Christian, and too much of it has been spilled in grasping for the inheritance of the revered patriarch in the Middle East. The spilled blood in the Holy Land still cries out to God—an anguished cry for peace.”
—Jimmy Carter (James Earl Carter, Jr.)
“In public buildings set aside for the care and maintenance of the goods of the middle ages, a staff of civil service art attendants praise all the dead, irrelevant scribblings and scrawlings that, at best, have only historical interest for idiots and layabouts.”
—George Grosz (1893–1959)
“Biography is a very definite region bounded on the north by history, on the south by fiction, on the east by obituary, and on the west by tedium.”
—Philip Guedalla (1889–1944)
“Only let the North exert as much moral influence over the South, as the South has exerted demoralizing influence over the North, and slavery would die amid the flame of Christian remonstrance, and faithful rebuke, and holy indignation.”
—Angelina Grimké (1805–1879)
“I thought that when they said Atlantic Charter, that meant me and everybody in Africa and Asia and everywhere. But it seems like the Atlantic is an ocean that does not touch anywhere but North America and Europe.”
—Zora Neale Hurston (1891–1960)