List of Countries By System of Government - Alphabetical List of Countries

Alphabetical List of Countries

Name


Constitutional form Head of state Basis of executive legitimacy
Afghanistan Republic Executive Presidency is independent of legislature
Albania Republic Ceremonial Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence
Algeria Republic Executive Presidency independent of legislature; ministry subject to parliamentary confidence
Andorra Constitutional monarchy Ceremonial Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence
Angola Republic Executive Presidency is independent of legislature
Antigua and Barbuda Constitutional monarchy Ceremonial Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence
Argentina Republic Executive Presidency is independent of legislature
Armenia Republic Executive Presidency is independent of legislature
Australia Constitutional monarchy Ceremonial Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence
Austria Republic Ceremonial Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence
Azerbaijan Republic Executive Presidency is independent of legislature
The Bahamas Constitutional monarchy Ceremonial Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence
Bahrain Constitutional monarchy Executive Monarch personally exercises power in concert with other institutions
Bangladesh Republic Ceremonial Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence
Barbados Constitutional monarchy Ceremonial Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence
Belarus Republic Executive Presidency is independent of legislature
Belgium Constitutional monarchy Ceremonial Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence
Belize Constitutional monarchy Ceremonial Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence
Benin Republic Executive Presidency is independent of legislature
Bhutan Constitutional monarchy Executive Monarch personally exercises power in concert with other institutions
Bolivia Republic Executive Presidency is independent of legislature
Bosnia and Herzegovina Republic Ceremonial Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence
Botswana Republic Executive Presidency and ministry are subject to parliamentary confidence
Brazil Republic Executive Presidency is independent of legislature
Brunei Absolute monarchy Executive All authority vested in absolute monarch
Bulgaria Republic Ceremonial Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence
Burkina Faso Republic Executive Presidency independent of legislature; ministry subject to parliamentary confidence
Burundi Republic Executive Presidency is independent of legislature
Cambodia Constitutional monarchy Ceremonial Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence
Cameroon Republic Executive Presidency is independent of legislature
Canada Constitutional monarchy Ceremonial Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence
Cape Verde Republic Ceremonial Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence
Central African Republic Republic Executive Presidency is independent of legislature
Chad Republic Executive Presidency is independent of legislature
Chile Republic Executive Presidency is independent of legislature
Colombia Republic Executive Presidency is independent of legislature
Comoros Republic Executive Presidency is independent of legislature
Costa Rica Republic Executive Presidency is independent of legislature
Côte d'Ivoire Republic Executive Presidency is independent of legislature
Croatia Republic Ceremonial Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence
Cuba Republic Executive Power constitutionally linked to a single political movement
Cyprus Republic Executive Presidency is independent of legislature
Czech Republic Republic Ceremonial Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence
Democratic Republic of the Congo Republic Executive Presidency independent of legislature; ministry subject to parliamentary confidence
Denmark Constitutional monarchy Ceremonial Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence
Djibouti Republic Executive Presidency independent of legislature; ministry subject to parliamentary confidence
Dominica Republic Ceremonial Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence
Dominican Republic Republic Executive Presidency is independent of legislature
East Timor Republic Ceremonial Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence
Ecuador Republic Executive Presidency is independent of legislature
Egypt Republic Executive Presidency independent of legislature; ministry subject to parliamentary confidence
El Salvador Republic Executive Presidency is independent of legislature
Equatorial Guinea Republic Executive Presidency is independent of legislature
Eritrea Republic Executive Power constitutionally linked to a single political movement
Estonia Republic Ceremonial Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence
Ethiopia Republic Ceremonial Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence
Fiji n/a n/a No constitutionally-defined basis to current regime
Finland Republic Ceremonial Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence
France Republic Executive Presidency independent of legislature; ministry subject to parliamentary confidence
Gabon Republic Executive Presidency is independent of legislature
The Gambia Republic Executive Presidency is independent of legislature
Georgia Republic Executive Presidency independent of legislature; ministry subject to parliamentary confidence
Germany Republic Ceremonial Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence
Ghana Republic Executive Presidency is independent of legislature
Greece Republic Ceremonial Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence
Grenada Constitutional monarchy Ceremonial Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence
Guatemala Republic Executive Presidency is independent of legislature
Guinea Republic Executive Presidency is independent of legislature
Guinea-Bissau Republic Executive Presidency independent of legislature; ministry subject to parliamentary confidence
Guyana Republic Executive Presidency independent of legislature; ministry subject to parliamentary confidence
Haiti Republic Executive Presidency independent of legislature; ministry subject to parliamentary confidence
Honduras Republic Executive Presidency is independent of legislature
Hungary Republic Ceremonial Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence
Iceland Republic Ceremonial Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence
India Republic Ceremonial Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence
Indonesia Republic Executive Presidency is independent of legislature
Iran Republic Executive Presidency is independent of legislature
Iraq Republic Ceremonial Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence
Ireland Republic Ceremonial Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence
Israel Republic Ceremonial Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence
Italy Republic Ceremonial Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence
Jamaica Constitutional monarchy Ceremonial Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence
Japan Constitutional monarchy Ceremonial Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence
Jordan Constitutional monarchy Executive Monarch personally exercises power in concert with other institutions
Kazakhstan Republic Executive Presidency is independent of legislature
Kenya Republic Executive Presidency independent of legislature; ministry subject to parliamentary confidence
Kiribati Republic Ceremonial Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence
Kuwait Constitutional monarchy Executive Monarch personally exercises power in concert with other institutions
Kyrgyzstan Republic Executive Presidency independent of legislature; ministry subject to parliamentary confidence
Laos Republic Executive Power constitutionally linked to a single political movement
Latvia Republic Ceremonial Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence
Lebanon Republic Ceremonial Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence
Lesotho Constitutional monarchy Ceremonial Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence
Liberia Republic Executive Presidency is independent of legislature
Libya Republic Ceremonial Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence
Liechtenstein Constitutional monarchy Executive Monarch personally exercises power in concert with other institutions
Lithuania Republic Ceremonial Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence
Luxembourg Constitutional monarchy Ceremonial Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence
Macedonia Republic Ceremonial Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence
Madagascar Republic Executive Presidency independent of legislature; ministry subject to parliamentary confidence
Malawi Republic Executive Presidency is independent of legislature
Malaysia Constitutional monarchy Ceremonial Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence
Maldives Republic Executive Presidency is independent of legislature
Mali Republic Executive Presidency independent of legislature; ministry subject to parliamentary confidence
Malta Republic Ceremonial Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence
Marshall Islands Republic Executive Presidency and ministry are subject to parliamentary confidence
Mauritania Republic Executive Presidency independent of legislature; ministry subject to parliamentary confidence
Mauritius Republic Ceremonial Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence
Mexico Republic Executive Presidency is independent of legislature
FSM Republic Executive Presidency and ministry are subject to parliamentary confidence
Moldova Republic Ceremonial Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence
Monaco Constitutional monarchy Executive Monarch personally exercises power in concert with other institutions
Mongolia Republic Ceremonial Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence
Montenegro Republic Ceremonial Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence
Morocco Constitutional monarchy Executive Monarch personally exercises power in concert with other institutions
Mozambique Republic Executive Presidency is independent of legislature
Myanmar Republic Executive Presidency is independent of legislature
Namibia Republic Executive Presidency is independent of legislature
Nauru Republic Executive Presidency and ministry are subject to parliamentary confidence
Nepal Republic Ceremonial Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence
Netherlands Constitutional monarchy Ceremonial Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence
New Zealand Constitutional monarchy Ceremonial Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence
Nicaragua Republic Executive Presidency is independent of legislature
Niger Republic Executive Presidency independent of legislature; ministry subject to parliamentary confidence
Nigeria Republic Executive Presidency is independent of legislature
North Korea Republic Executive Power constitutionally linked to a single political movement
Norway Constitutional monarchy Ceremonial Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence
Oman Absolute monarchy Executive All authority vested in absolute monarch
Pakistan Republic Ceremonial Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence
Palau Republic Executive Presidency is independent of legislature
Palestine Republic Executive Presidency independent of legislature; ministry subject to parliamentary confidence
Panama Republic Executive Presidency is independent of legislature
Papua New Guinea Constitutional monarchy Ceremonial Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence
Paraguay Republic Executive Presidency is independent of legislature
People's Republic of China Republic Executive Power constitutionally linked to a single political movement
Peru Republic Executive Presidency is independent of legislature
Philippines Republic Executive Presidency is independent of legislature
Poland Republic Ceremonial Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence
Portugal Republic Ceremonial Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence
Qatar Absolute monarchy Executive All authority vested in absolute monarch
Republic of the Congo Republic Executive Presidency is independent of legislature
Romania Republic Executive Presidency independent of legislature; ministry subject to parliamentary confidence
Russia Republic Executive Presidency independent of legislature; ministry subject to parliamentary confidence
Rwanda Republic Executive Presidency is independent of legislature
Sahrawi Republic Republic Executive Power constitutionally linked to a single political movement
Saint Kitts and Nevis Constitutional monarchy Ceremonial Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence
Saint Lucia Constitutional monarchy Ceremonial Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Constitutional monarchy Ceremonial Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence
Samoa Republic Ceremonial Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence
San Marino Republic Ceremonial Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence
São Tomé and Príncipe Republic Executive Presidency independent of legislature; ministry subject to parliamentary confidence
Saudi Arabia Absolute monarchy Executive All authority vested in absolute monarch
Senegal Republic Executive Presidency independent of legislature; ministry subject to parliamentary confidence
Serbia Republic Ceremonial Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence
Seychelles Republic Executive Presidency is independent of legislature
Sierra Leone Republic Executive Presidency is independent of legislature
Singapore Republic Ceremonial Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence
Slovakia Republic Ceremonial Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence
Slovenia Republic Ceremonial Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence
Solomon Islands Constitutional monarchy Ceremonial Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence
Somalia Republic Ceremonial Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence
South Africa Republic Executive Presidency and ministry are subject to parliamentary confidence
South Korea Republic Executive Presidency is independent of legislature
South Sudan Republic Executive Presidency is independent of legislature
Spain Constitutional monarchy Ceremonial Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence
Sri Lanka Republic Executive Presidency is independent of legislature
Sudan Republic Executive Presidency is independent of legislature
Suriname Republic Executive Presidency is independent of legislature
Swaziland Absolute monarchy Executive All authority vested in absolute monarch
Sweden Constitutional monarchy Ceremonial Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence
Switzerland Republic Executive Presidency and ministry are subject to parliamentary confidence
Syria Republic Executive Presidency independent of legislature; ministry subject to parliamentary confidence
Republic of China (Taiwan) Republic Executive Presidency independent of legislature; ministry subject to parliamentary confidence
Tajikistan Republic Executive Presidency independent of legislature; ministry subject to parliamentary confidence
Tanzania Republic Executive Presidency is independent of legislature
Thailand Constitutional monarchy Ceremonial Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence
Togo Republic Executive Presidency is independent of legislature
Tonga Constitutional monarchy Executive Monarch personally exercises power in concert with other institutions
Trinidad and Tobago Republic Ceremonial Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence
Tunisia Republic Executive Presidency independent of legislature; ministry subject to parliamentary confidence
Turkey Republic Ceremonial Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence
Turkmenistan Republic Executive Power constitutionally linked to a single political movement
Tuvalu Constitutional monarchy Ceremonial Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence
Uganda Republic Executive Presidency is independent of legislature
Ukraine Republic Executive Presidency independent of legislature; ministry subject to parliamentary confidence
United Arab Emirates Constitutional monarchy Executive Monarch personally exercises power in concert with other institutions
United Kingdom Constitutional monarchy Ceremonial Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence
United States Republic Executive Presidency is independent of legislature
Uruguay Republic Executive Presidency is independent of legislature
Uzbekistan Republic Executive Presidency is independent of legislature
Vanuatu Republic Ceremonial Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence
Vatican City Absolute monarchy Executive All authority vested in absolute monarch
Venezuela Republic Executive Presidency is independent of legislature
Vietnam Republic Executive Power constitutionally linked to a single political movement
Yemen Republic Executive Presidency is independent of legislature
Zambia Republic Executive Presidency is independent of legislature
Zimbabwe Republic Executive Presidency independent of legislature; ministry subject to parliamentary confidence

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