A license is an academic degree. Originally, in order to teach at a university, one needed this degree which, according to its title, gave the bearer a license to teach. The name survived despite the fact that nowadays a doctorate is typically needed in order to teach at a university. A person who holds a license is called a licentiate.
In Sweden, Finland, and in some other European university systems, a license or 'Licentiate' is a postgraduate degree between the master's degree and the doctorate. The Licentiate is a popular choice in those countries where a full doctoral degree would take five or more years to achieve.
In some other major countries, such as France, or Belgium or Poland, a license is achieved before the master's degree (it takes 3 years of studies to become licentiate and 2 additional years to become Master) in France, while in Belgium the license takes 4 years while the master itself takes 2 more years. In Switzerland, a license is a 4-year degree then there is a DEA degree which is equivalent to the Master's degree. In Portugal, before the Bologna process, students would become licentiates after 5 years of studies (4 years in particular cases like Marketing, Management, etc.; and 6 years for Medicine). However, since the adoption of the Bologna Process engineering degrees in Portugal were changed from a 5 year license to a 3 year license followed by 2 years for the MSc: Not having the MSc doesn't confer accreditation by the Ordem dos Engenheiros)
Other articles related to "license, licenses":
... under the Okapi Framework project is licensed under the GNU Lesser General Public License agreement ...
... A marriage license (American English) or marriage licence (British English) is a document issued, either by a church or state authority, authorizing a couple to marry ... The procedure for obtaining a license varies between countries and has changed over time ... Marriage licenses began to be issued in the Middle Ages, to permit a marriage which would otherwise be illegal (for instance, if the necessary period of notice for the marriage had not been ...
... requires all user text content to be published under a free license most use the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike license, although Memory Alpha and Uncyclopedia use a ...
... Carnegie Mellon Silicon Valley, SpikeSource, O'Reilly, Intel QualiPSo project, EU commission License Non-free license, but authorised distribution Assessment models licensed under the Academic Free ...
... Windows Live Messenger Mozilla Public License Microsoft Public License, an open source license offered by Microsoft as part of its Shared source initiative ... Microsoft Permissive License, an earlier name for the Microsoft Public License Boost Metaprogramming Library MicroProgramming Language ...
Famous quotes containing the word license:
“It is a misfortune that necessity has induced men to accord greater license to this formidable engine, in order to obtain liberty, than can be borne with less important objects in view; for the press, like fire, is an excellent servant, but a terrible master.”
—James Fenimore Cooper (1789–1851)
“Only one marriage I regret. I remember after I got that marriage license I went across from the license bureau to a bar for a drink. The bartender said, “What will you have, sir?” And I said, “A glass of hemlock.””
—Ernest Hemingway (1899–1961)
“My attitude toward punctuation is that it ought to be as conventional as possible. The game of golf would lose a good deal if croquet mallets and billiard cues were allowed on the putting green. You ought to be able to show that you can do it a good deal better than anyone else with the regular tools before you have a license to bring in your own improvements.”
—Ernest Hemingway (1899–1961)