History
The city was built on a swamp along the northern bank of the river bearing the city's name. There are remains of human settlements in the area dating back to the Neolithic period as well as ruins of fortified villages from the Bronze and Iron Ages. Lankaran's history is rather recent, dating from the 16th century. Lankaran was for a long time the capital of the Talysh Khanate, which enjoyed variable degrees of independence throughout history. It was first a part of the Persian Empire. Later it was held by Russia from 1728 to 1735, but only fell definitively to Russia's General Kotlyarevsky in 1813 and the Treaty of Gulistan. The Treaty of Turkmenchay in 1828. just confirmed the transfer of that important port city from Persia to Russia.
. Once absorbed into the Russian empire, it became a part of the Azerbaijan Soviet Socialist Republic after the Russian revolution in 1917. In 1991, it became a part of independent Azerbaijan.
In 2011, Lankaran became a sister city to US California city of Monterey.
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