Range
The katipo is endemic to New Zealand. In the North Island it is found along the West Coast from Wellington to North Cape. On the east coast of the North Island it occurs irregularly, however, it is abundant on Great Barrier Island. In the South Island it is found in coastal regions south to Dunedin on the east coast and south to Greymouth on the west coast. This southern limit is due to the katipo needing temperatures higher than about 17 °C (63 °F) to be maintained during the development of their eggs - in the southern areas of New Zealand it is typically colder than this.
The red katipo is found south of approximately 39°15′ S (the western tip of Taranaki on the west coast, and just north of Waipatiki Beach in Hawke's Bay on the east coast). The black katipo is found north of approximately 38° S (Aotea Harbour, just north of Kāwhia on the west coast, and Waipiro Bay and just south of the Bay of Plenty on the east coast). Both forms are found in the area in-between these latitudes.
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