Sensor Size, Noise and Dynamic Range
Discounting pixel response non-uniformity (PRNU), which is not intrinsically sensor-size dependent, the noises in an image sensor are photon shot noise, read noise, and dark noise. The overall signal to noise ratio of a sensor (SNR), observed at the scale of a single pixel, is
where is the incident photon flux (photons per second in the area of a pixel), is the quantum efficiency, is the exposure time, is the pixel dark current in electrons per second and is the pixel read noise in electrons.
Each of these noises has a different dependency on sensor size.
Read more about this topic: Image Sensor Format
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