Structure
Most, if not all, oxygen-breathing species express the highly-conserved transcriptional complex HIF-1, which is a heterodimer composed of an alpha and a beta subunit, the latter being a constitutively-expressed aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator (ARNT). HIF-1 belongs to the PER-ARNT-SIM (PAS) subfamily of the basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) family of transcription factors. The alpha and beta subunit are similar in structure and both contain the following domains:
- N-terminus – a bHLH domain for DNA binding
- central region – Per-ARNT-Sim (PAS) domain which facilitates heterodimerization
- C-terminus – recruits transcriptional coregulatory proteins
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Read more about this topic: Hypoxia-inducible Factors
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