The meijin System and Title Matches
In 1935, Kinjiro Sekine stepped down from the rank of meijin, which then came to be conferred based on ability in the short term, rather than recommendation as before. The first Meijin title match (名人戦, meijin-sen?) (known officially at the time as the Meijin Kettei Kisen (名人決定大棋戦?)) was held over two years, with Yoshio Kimura (木村義雄?) becoming the first Meijin in 1937. This was the start of the shogi title matches (see titleholder system).
Later, in 1950, the Kudan title match (九段戦, kudan-sen?) (9-dan title match) (renamed the Jūdan title match (十段戦, jūdan-sen?) (10-dan title match) in 1962) and the Ōshō title match (王将戦, ōshō-sen?) (King title match) were founded.
The Ōza-sen (王座戦?) tournament was started in 1953 and became a title match in 1983. In 1960 the Ōi title match (王位戦, ōi-sen?) was founded, and later the Kisei-sen (棋聖戦?) in 1962, and the Kiō-sen (棋王戦, kiō-sen?) in 1974. The Jūdan-sen was changed to become the Ryūō title match (竜王戦, ryūō-sen?) in 1988, completing the modern line-up of seven title matches.
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Read more about this topic: History Of Shogi
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