Harlan may refer to:
- Harlan (company), full name Harlan Sprague Dawley Inc., suppliers of animals and other services to laboratories
- Harlan Estate, California cult wine producer
- Mount Harlan AVA, California wine region in San Benito County
- Harlan County, USA, a documentary film
- Harlan-Lincoln House, listed on the National Register of Historic Places in Henry County, Iowa
Places:
- Harlan, Indiana
- Harlan, Iowa
- Harlan, Kentucky
- Harlan County, Kentucky
- Harlan County, Nebraska
- Harlan Township, Warren County, Ohio
As a surname:
- Bob Harlan, Chairman and CEO of the NFL's Green Bay Packers
- Bruce Harlan (1926–1959), U.S. Olympic diver
- Byron B. Harlan (1886–1949), American attorney and politician
- Byron G. Harlan (1861–1936), American singer
- Christiane Harlan (born 1932), German actress, dancer, painter and singer. Widow of Stanley Kubrick
- James Harlan (senator), (1820–1899), American politician from Iowa
- James Harlan (congressman), fl. 1830s, American politician from Kentucky
- Jan Harlan, American film producer and director
- John Marshall Harlan (1833–1911), U.S. Supreme Court Justice
- John Marshall Harlan II (1899–1971), U.S. Supreme Court Justice, grandson of John Marshall Harlan
- John Harlan, American announcer
- Josiah Harlan (1799–1871), American adventurer
- Kevin Harlan (born 1960), American sports announcer
- Richard Harlan (1796–1843), American naturalist
- Russell Harlan (1903–1974), American cinematographer
- Thomas Harlan (born 1964), American science fiction/fantasy writer
- Veit Harlan (1899–1964), German film director and actor
As a given name:
- Harlan J. Brothers, American inventor, mathematician, and musician
- Harlan Coben (born 1962), American novelist
- Harlan Cohen (born 1934), American volleyball coach
- Harlan Ellison (born 1934), American writer
- Harlan Howard (1927–2001), American country music songwriter
- Harlan Huckleby (born 1957), American football running back
- Harlan Marbley (born 1943), American boxer
- Harlan Fiske Stone (1872–1946), U.S. Supreme Court Justice
- Harlan K. Ullman (born 1941), United States military officer and political author
- Jessie Harlan Lincoln (1875–1948), granddaughter of Abraham Lincoln
In fiction:
- Harlan (Stargate), an artificial intelligence in the Stargate SG-1 episode "Tin Man"
- Harlan Rook, a fictional character in the 1988 film The Dead Pool