Proof
Let denote the minimum length of a binary code of dimension k and distance d. Let C be such a code. We want to show that .
Let G be a generator matrix of C. We can always suppose that the first row of G is of the form r = (1, ..., 1, 0, ..., 0) with weight d.
The matrix G' generates a code C', which is called the residual code of C. C' has obviously dimension and length . C' has a distance d', but we don't know it. Let s.t. . There exists a vector s.t. the concatenation . Then . On the other hand, also, since and is linear, so . But
,
so this becomes . By summing this with, we obtain . But, so we get . This implies, therefore (due to the integrality of n'), so that . By induction over k we will eventually get (note that at any step the dimension decreases by 1 and the distance is halved, and we use the identity for any integer a and positive integer k).
Read more about this topic: Griesmer Bound
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