Protocol Stack
| ???? |
| IP (user) |
| GTP |
| UDP |
| IP |
| Layer 2 (e.g., WAN or Ethernet) |
GTP-U protocol stack |
GTP can be used with UDP or TCP. GTP version 1 is used only on UDP.
As of 2004 there are two versions defined, version 0 and version 1. Version 0 and version 1 differ considerably in structure. In version 0, the signalling protocol (the protocol which sets up the tunnels by activating the PDP context) is combined with the tunneling protocol on one port. Version 1 is actually effectively two protocols, one for control (called GTP-C) and one for user data tunneling (called GTP-U).
GTP-U is also used to transport user data from the RNC to the SGSN in UMTS networks. However, in this case signalling is done using RANAP instead of GTP-C.
Read more about this topic: GPRS Tunnelling Protocol
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