Government of Afghanistan - Brief Timeline of Afghan Politics

Brief Timeline of Afghan Politics

History of Afghanistan
Timeline
Ancient
Proto-Elamite civilization 2300–1800 BCE
Indus valley civilization 2200–1800 BCE
Oxus civilization 2100–1800 BCE
Aryans 1700–700 BCE
Median Empire 728–550 BCE
Achaemenids 550–330 BCE
Seleucids 330–150 BCE
Mauryans 305–180 BCE
Greco-Bactrians 256–125 BCE
Indo-Greeks 180–130 BCE
Indo-Scythians (Sakas) 155–80? BCE
Indo-Parthians 20 BCE – 50? CE
Kushans 135 BCE – 248 CE
Sassanids 230–565
Indo-Sassanids 248–410
Kidarites 320–465
Hephthalites 410–557
Kabul Shahi 565–879
Medieval
Rashidun Caliphate 642–641
Umayyads 661–750
Abbasids 750–821
Tahirids 821–873
Saffarids 863–900
Samanids 875–999
Ghaznavids 963–1187
Seljukids 1037–1194
Khwarezmids 1077–1231
Ghorids 1149–1212
Ilkhanate 1258–1353
Kartids 1245–1381
Timurids 1370–1506
Arghun 1479–1522
Mughals 1501–1738
Safavids 1510–1709
Modern
Hotaki dynasty 1709–1738
Afsharids 1738–1747
Durrani Empire 1747–1826
Emirate 1826–1919
Kingdom 1919–1973
Republic 1973–1978
Democratic Republic 1978–1992
Islamic State 1992–2001
Islamic Emirate 1996–2001
Islamic Republic 2001–
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Further information: History of Afghanistan

Government operation in Afghanistan historically has consisted of power struggles, bloody coups and unstable transfers of power. The country has been governed by many systems of government, including a monarchy, republic, theocracy, dictatorship, and a pro-communist state.

  • 1709 - Mirwais Hotak declares Afghanistan (land of the Afghans) an independent state and establishes the Hotaki dynasty at Kandahar.
  • 1747 - Ahmad Shah Durrani expands Afghanistan and establishes the Durrani Empire.
  • 1838 - British India invades the land during the First Anglo-Afghan War and begins to influence the politics of Afghanistan.
  • 1919 - King Amanullah Khan takes the throne after the Third Anglo-Afghan War, British influence ends.
  • 1973 - Mohammed Daoud Khan, Prime Minister and a member of the royal family, seizes power while King Mohammad Zahir Shah is in Italy.
  • 1978 – The leftist People's Democratic Party of Afghanistan (PDPA) seizes power during the Saur Revolution. Daoud Khan is assassinated along with his family and supporters.
  • 1979 – President Nur Muhammad Taraki, leader of PDPA, is assassinated and replaced by Hafizullah Amin. Amin is then assassinated and the Soviet Union invades. Babrak Karmal is installed as president.
  • 1987 - Mohammad Najibullah replaces Babrak Karmal as president.
  • 1989 – Soviet army withdraws all troops from the country, and the United States also abandons Afghanistan.
  • 1992 – Kabul falls to mujahideen factions. Burhanuddin Rabbani becomes president of the new Islamic State of Afghanistan and a civil war starts.
  • 1996 – Kabul along with most part of the country falls to the Taliban.
  • 2001 – United States and coalition forces invade Afghanistan. Hamid Karzai is appointed leader of the nation at the International Conference on Afghanistan in Germany.
  • 2003 - Loya Jirga adopts new constitution, restructuring the government as an Islamic republic.
  • 2004 - Hamid Karzai is elected President of Afghanistan.

Read more about this topic:  Government Of Afghanistan

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