Major Equations of State
For a given amount of substance contained in a system, the temperature, volume, and pressure are not independent quantities; they are connected by a relationship of the general form:
In the following equations the variables are defined as follows. Any consistent set of units may be used, although SI units are preferred. Absolute temperature refers to use of the Kelvin (K) or Rankine (°R) temperature scales, with zero being absolute zero.
- = pressure (absolute)
- = volume
- = number of moles of a substance
- = = molar volume, the volume of 1 mole of gas or liquid
- = absolute temperature
- = ideal gas constant (8.314472 J/(mol·K))
- = pressure at the critical point
- = molar volume at the critical point
- = absolute temperature at the critical point
Read more about this topic: Equation Of State
Famous quotes containing the words major and/or state:
“A major problem for Black women, and all people of color, when we are challenged to oppose anti-Semitism, is our profound skepticism that white people can actually be oppressed.”
—Barbara Smith (b. 1946)
“To educate the wise man, the State exists; and with the appearance of the wise man, the State expires. The appearance of character makes the state unnecessary. The wise man is the State.”
—Ralph Waldo Emerson (1803–1882)