In organic chemistry, a cooling bath is a liquid mixture which is used to maintain low temperatures, typically between 13 °C and -196 °C. These low temperatures are used to collect organic liquids after distillation, to remove solvents using a rotary evaporator, or to perform a chemical reaction below room temperature (see: kinetic control). The cooling agents used in these baths include dry ice, liquid nitrogen, and water ice.
| Cooling agent | Ethylene glycol | Ethanol | Temp (°C) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Dry ice | 0% | 100% | -78 |
| Dry ice | 10% | 90% | -76 |
| Dry ice | 20% | 80% | -72 |
| Dry ice | 30% | 70% | -66 |
| Dry ice | 40% | 60% | -60 |
| Dry ice | 50% | 50% | -52 |
| Dry ice | 60% | 40% | -41 |
| Dry ice | 70% | 30% | -32 |
| Dry ice | 80% | 20% | -28 |
| Dry ice | 90% | 10% | -21 |
| Dry ice | 100% | 0% | -17 |
Read more about Cooling Bath: Ethylene Glycol and Ethanol Baths, Traditional Cooling Baths
Famous quotes containing the words cooling and/or bath:
“As a bathtub lined with white porcelain,
When the hot water gives out or goes tepid,
So is the slow cooling of our chivalrous passion,
O my much praised but-not-altogether-satisfactory lady.”
—Ezra Pound (1885–1972)
“Everything is a miracle. It is a miracle that one does not dissolve in one’s bath like a lump of sugar.”
—Pablo Picasso (1881–1973)