In organic chemistry, a cooling bath is a liquid mixture which is used to maintain low temperatures, typically between 13 °C and -196 °C. These low temperatures are used to collect organic liquids after distillation, to remove solvents using a rotary evaporator, or to perform a chemical reaction below room temperature (see: kinetic control). The cooling agents used in these baths include dry ice, liquid nitrogen, and water ice.
| Cooling agent | Ethylene glycol | Ethanol | Temp (°C) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Dry ice | 0% | 100% | -78 |
| Dry ice | 10% | 90% | -76 |
| Dry ice | 20% | 80% | -72 |
| Dry ice | 30% | 70% | -66 |
| Dry ice | 40% | 60% | -60 |
| Dry ice | 50% | 50% | -52 |
| Dry ice | 60% | 40% | -41 |
| Dry ice | 70% | 30% | -32 |
| Dry ice | 80% | 20% | -28 |
| Dry ice | 90% | 10% | -21 |
| Dry ice | 100% | 0% | -17 |
Read more about Cooling Bath: Ethylene Glycol and Ethanol Baths, Traditional Cooling Baths
Famous quotes containing the words cooling and/or bath:
“As a bathtub lined with white porcelain,
When the hot water gives out or goes tepid,
So is the slow cooling of our chivalrous passion,
O my much praised but-not-altogether-satisfactory lady.”
—Ezra Pound (1885–1972)
“For a parent, it’s hard to recognize the significance of your work when you’re immersed in the mundane details. Few of us, as we run the bath water or spread the peanut butter on the bread, proclaim proudly, “I’m making my contribution to the future of the planet.” But with the exception of global hunger, few jobs in the world of paychecks and promotions compare in significance to the job of parent.”
—Joyce Maynard (20th century)