Blueback may refer to any of a number of unrelated fish species with blue coloration:
- Cisco (fish)
- lake herring
- Blueback herring (Alosa aestivalis)
- Sockeye salmon
- Blueback Shad, a species of ray-finned fish in the genus Alosa
- Blueback, a local nickname for Beardslee trout
- Blueback, a hooded seal when it's up to about 14 (16), months of age
Blueback may also refer to:
- Blueback (novel), a 1997 novel by Australian author Tim Winton
- USS Blueback (SS-326), a US Navy submarine of the Balao-class
- USS Blueback (SS-581), a Barbel-class submarine and the last non-nuclear submarine to join the US Naval Fleet