The Nephites
No Central or South American civilization is recognized by academia to correlate with the Nephites of the Book of Mormon. The Book of Mormon makes no mention of Lamanites or Nephites erecting impressive works of hewn stone as did the Maya or various South American peoples. Some believe that LDS scripture indicates that events surrounding the Book of Mormon occurred anciently in the Great Lakes region. Numerous aboriginal fortresses of earth and timber were known to have existed in this region.
Read more about this topic: Archaeology And The Book Of Mormon, LDS Cultural Belief Regarding Book of Mormon Archaeology, Archaeological Evidence of Large Populations