Arafura refers to the name of the Arafura Sea, and by extension to adjoining areas or associated events:
- Acrochordus arafurae, scientific name of Arafura File-snake
- Arafura Fantail, small bird in the Fantail family
- Arafura Games, international multi-sport event drawing competitors from Australasia and Asia
- Arafura Jungles, north-east Arnhem Land, Northern Territory, Australia
- Arafura Sea, located between northern Australia and New Guinea
- Arafura Swamp, north-east Arnhem Land, Northern Territory, Australia
- Electoral division of Arafura, in Australia's Northern Territory