Incumbents
- President: Abraham Lincoln (Republican/National Union)
- Vice President: Hannibal Hamlin (Republican)
- Chief Justice: Roger B. Taney (until October 12), Salmon P. Chase (starting December 15)
- Speaker of the House of Representatives: Schuyler Colfax (R-Indiana)
- Congress: 38th
Read more about this topic: 1864 In The United States