Relationship To Perry's Cognitive Development Theory
The position of silence is absent from Perry's scheme. Received knowledge is comparable to Perry's dualism in that knowledge is viewed as black-and-white absolute truths handed down by infallible authorities. However, Perry's dualistic men aligned themselves with authority, while Belenky, Clinchy, Goldberger, and Tarule's received knowers generally felt disconnected from authority (Love and Guthrie 1999). Subjective knowledge is similar to Perry's multiplicity, in that both emphasize personal intuition and truth. However, Perry identified the typical age of the transition to multiplicity as early adolescence, while the women in the above study exhibited this transition over the whole spectrum of ages studied. Love and Guthrie (1999) also emphasize that, while this transition is relatively smooth for many of Perry's men, rejection of the past, sometimes including geographic relocation, was critical to this transition in many women in the Belenky, Clinchy, Goldberger, and Tarule study. Procedural knowledge shared similarities with Perry's relativism in its emphasis on context and situation-specific evidence. Constructed knowledge is similar to Perry's commitment in the sense that both incorporate the role of the knower in knowledge, but differed in other important ways.
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