Wilhelm Karl Ritter von Haidinger (or Wilhelm von Haidinger) (5 February 1795 – 19 March 1871) was an Austrian mineralogist, geologist and physicist. As a physicist Haidinger ranked highly, and he was one of the most active promoters of scientific progress in Austria. He was the first to observe the slight polarization dependence of the human eye, observed via the phenomenon now known as Haidinger's brush. Knighted in 1865, the following year he retired to his estate at Dornbach near Vienna, where he died on 19 March 1871.
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