Timeline of Quantum Computing - 2000s

2000s

• 2000
  • First working 5-qubit NMR computer demonstrated at the Technical University of Munich.
  • First execution of order finding (part of Shor's algorithm) at IBM's Almaden Research Center and Stanford University.
  • First working 7-qubit NMR computer demonstrated at the Los Alamos National Laboratory.

• 2001
  • First execution of Shor's algorithm at IBM's Almaden Research Center and Stanford University. The number 15 was factored using 1018 identical molecules, each containing seven active nuclear spins.
  • Noah Linden and Sandu Popescu proved that the presence of entanglement is a necessary condition for a large class of quantum protocols. This, coupled with Brauenstein's result (see 1999 above), called the validity of NMR quantum computation into question.
  • Emanuel Knill, Raymond Laflamme, and Gerard Milburn show that optical quantum computing is possible with single photon sources, linear optical elements, and single photon detectors, launching the field of linear optical quantum computing.

• 2002 – The Quantum Information Science and Technology Roadmapping Project, involving some of the main participants in the field, laid out the Quantum computation roadmap.

• 2003 – Todd D. Pittman and collaborators at Johns Hopkins University, Applied Physics Laboratory and independently Jeremy L. O'Brien and collaborators at the University of Queensland, demonstrate quantum controlled-not gates using only linear optical elements.,

• 2004 – First working pure state NMR quantum computer (based on parahydrogen) demonstrated at Oxford University and University of York.