The Texas State Police were formed during the administration of Texas Governor Edmund J. Davis on July 22, 1870, to combat crime associated with Reconstruction statewide in Texas. It worked primarily against racially-based crimes, and included black police officers, which caused howls of protest from former slave owners (and future segregationists). Davis also created the "State Guard of Texas" and the "Reserve Militia", which were forerunners of the Texas National Guard. It was dissolved by order of the legislature on April 22, 1873.
Read more about Texas State Police: History, Disbanded, Fallen Officers
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