Television in Quebec - History

History

Television began in Quebec (and in Canada) on September 6, 1952 with the launch of CBFT in Montreal, the first station in what would become Radio-Canada's television network. Borrowing the technical standards and frequency plan from television in the United States, the station broadcast on the lowest channel, channel 2. Though initially bilingual, carrying programming from sister broadcaster CBC as well, the network would hold a monopoly on French-language television during all of the 1950s.

This "golden age" would end with a producers' strike at Radio-Canada in December 1958. The strike would led one popular television host, René Lévesque, to launch a career in politics, one that would led him to found the Parti Québécois and, later, nine-years as the Premier of Quebec.

In 1961, Télé-Métropole in Montreal signed on the air with decidedly populist programming. Known as le 10 for its channel number, it was first private French-language television broadcaster, the station would become the backbone of what is now the largest and highest-rated network in Quebec. In 1971, the network was formalized and given a name: TVA. By the early 1980s, its broadcast coverage reached nearly the entire province.

Color began to be introduced in the 1960s, and by the end of the decade, unique cable television programming began with the introduction of télévision communautaire, the community channel.

Radio-Québec, now Télé-Québec, began in 1972, creating a third network, focusing on cultural and educational programming; first, its programming only appeared on a cable, three years later, in began broadcasting's on Montreal's first UHF station.

In the following years, additional Quebec cable networks appeared: TVSQ, covering sports, and surpassed in 1988 by RDS; TVJQ, with children's programming, later becoming Le Canal Famille, and now VRAK.TV; the TEQ, carrying an assortment of ethic programming, and now CJNT-TV; and TVFQ-99, now TV5 Québec Canada.

In 1986, Télévision Quatre-Saisons, now V, launched as the newest television network, and the first to be distributed by satellite. With stations in Montreal and Quebec City, its reach was extended with partnerships with Radio-Canada affiliates elsewhere in the province, creating what is known as a twinstick.

At the same time, expansion of the number of cable channels continued: MusiquePlus in 1986; MétéoMédia in 1987; Réseau de l'information and Canal D in 1995; MusiMax, Canal Vie, Télétoon, and Le Canal Nouvelles in 1997; Évasion, Historia, Séries+ and Canal Z, now Ztélé, in 2000; and ARTV in 2001.

In the middle of the decade, as the growth of digital cable expanded, digital-only cable channels began to appear; today they include such channels as AddikTV, Argent, CASA, Cinépop, Mlle, Prise 2, RDS2, RDS Info, Télétoon Rétro and TVA Sports.