Super FX - Development History

Development History

The Super FX chip was originally called the MARIO Chip 1 (Mathematical, Argonaut, Rotation & I/O) and was designed by Argonaut Games, who also co-developed (with Nintendo) the 3D space scrolling shooter video game Star Fox to demonstrate the additional polygon rendering capabilities the chip brought to the SNES. The hardware designers of the chip were Ben Cheese (formerly of Sinclair and Flare Technology) with Rob Macaulay and James Hakewill. The graphics were considered revolutionary at the time. Although Star Fox was capable of rendering polygons, the number of polygons was in the hundreds as opposed to the millions of today's games. Star Fox used scaling bitmaps for lasers, asteroids, and other obstacles, but other objects such as ships were rendered with polygons. Q-Games founder Dylan Cuthbert stated that "Super Mario FX" was the internal code name of the FX chip.

In addition to rendering polygons, the chip was also used to assist the SNES in rendering advanced 2D effects. Super Mario World 2: Yoshi's Island used it for advanced graphics effects like sprite scaling and stretching, huge sprites that allowed for boss characters to take up the whole screen, and multiple foreground and background parallax layers to give a greater illusion of depth. While the Super FX is primarily known for graphical enhancements, it's also been used to assist the S-CPU in processing game logic. Yoshi's Island offloads all sprite logic to the Super FX, in addition to the decompression of graphics.

Game cartridges that contain a Super FX chip have additional contacts at the bottom of the cartridge that connect to the extra slots in the cartridge port that were not normally used. Cartridge adapters such as cheat devices made before the release of Super FX games, such as the Game Genie, did not have a connection to these previously unused slots. This meant that Super FX games could not be plugged into these devices. Because of higher manufacturing costs, games that included additional hardware such as the Super FX chips retailed at a higher MSRP than most SNES games.