Difference Between Stadtbahn and S-Bahn
While the names Stadtbahn and S-Bahn have common origin ("rapid urban train"), their meaning today is different. S-Bahn is heavy rail, usually integrated into the railway network and operated by the German railway company Deutsche Bahn, but in certain cities it cannot be distinguished from the U-Bahn underground trains.
Stadtbahn, on the other hand, is light vehicles usually integrated into the tram network.
They also differ in legal status: S-Bahn systems are governed under the heavy rail rules of the Eisenbahn-Bau- und Betriebsordnung (EBO, "Ordinance on the Construction and Operation of Railways"), while Stadtbahn systems are tramways by law governed under the regulations of Verordnung über den Bau und Betrieb der Straßenbahnen (BOStrab, "Ordinance on the Construction and Operation of Trams").
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