Agreement
Adjectives in Spanish can mostly be divided into two large groups: those that can be found in the dictionary ending in o, and the others. The former typically agree for number and gender; the latter typically agree just for number. Here are some examples:
frío means "cold". This is the dictionary form, and it corresponds to the masculine singular form. When it agrees with a feminine noun, it becomes fría. When it agrees with a plural noun, it becomes fríos. When it agrees with a noun that is both feminine and plural, it becomes frías. Here is a list of a few common adjectives in their four forms:
- frío = "cold"; → frío, fría, fríos, frías
- pequeño = "small"; → pequeño, pequeña, pequeños, pequeñas
- rojo = "red"; → rojo, roja, rojos, rojas
Identifying adjectives diagram
Do Adjectives End in "o"? / \ / \ Yes No / \ / \ / \ / \ Masculine? Feminine? Singular? \ (No Change)("o" becomes "a") (No Change)\ \ / \ \ / Plural Plural / \ (Add "s") / \ End in Vowel? \ (Add "s") End in Consonant? (Add "es")Here are a few common adjectives that agree only in number:
- caliente = "hot" → caliente, caliente, calientes, calientes
- formal = "formal" → formal, formal, formales, formales
- verde = "green" → verde, verde, verdes, verdes
The division into these two groups is a generalisation however. There are many examples such as the adjective español itself which does not end in o but adds an a for the feminine and has four forms (español, española, españoles, españolas). There are also adjectives that do not agree at all (generally words borrowed from other languages, such as the French beige (also Hispanicised to beis)).
Read more about this topic: Spanish Adjectives
Famous quotes containing the word agreement:
“A marriage based on full confidence, based on complete and unqualified frankness on both sides; they are not keeping anything back; there’s no deception underneath it all. If I might so put it, it’s an agreement for the mutual forgiveness of sin.”
—Henrik Ibsen (1828–1906)
“No one can doubt, that the convention for the distinction of property, and for the stability of possession, is of all circumstances the most necessary to the establishment of human society, and that after the agreement for the fixing and observing of this rule, there remains little or nothing to be done towards settling a perfect harmony and concord.”
—David Hume (1711–1776)
“That which corrodes the souls of the persecuted is the monstrous inner agreement with the prevailing prejudice against them.”
—Eric Hoffer (1902–1983)