Parameter |
Solun-Voden dialect |
Standard Bulgarian (based on Eastern Bulgarian) |
Standard Macedonian |
Dupnitsa dialect |
Samokov dialect |
English |
Proto-Slavic *tʲ/*dʲ – Old Church Slavonic щ/жд (ʃt/ʒd) |
mixed, predominantly ќ/ѓ (c/ɟ), but also щ/жд (ʃt/ʒd) – леща/меѓу |
щ/жд (ʃt/ʒd) – леща/между |
ќ/ѓ (c/ɟ) – леќа/меѓу |
щ/жд (ʃt/ʒd) – леща/между |
щ/жд (ʃt/ʒd) – леща/между |
lentils/between |
Proto-Slavic *ɡt/kt – Old Church Slavonic щ (ʃt) |
ќ (c) – ноќ |
щ (ʃt) – нощ |
ќ (c) – ноќ |
щ (ʃt) – нощ |
щ (ʃt) – нощ |
night |
Old Church Slavonic ѣ (yat) |
mixed, я/е (ʲa/ɛ) – бял/бели in the east, е (ɛ) – бел/бели in the west |
я/е (ʲa/ɛ) – бял/бели |
е (ɛ) – бел/бели |
е (ɛ) – бел/бели |
е (ɛ) – бел/бели |
white |
Old Church Slavonic ѫ (yus), approx. ɔ̃ |
ъ (ə) – мъж, rarely у (u) - пупка |
ъ (ə) – мъж |
а (a) – маж |
а (a) – маж |
а (a) – маж |
man |
Old Church Slavonic ъ (ə) |
о (ɔ) – сон |
ъ (ə) – сън |
о (ɔ) – сон |
о (ɔ) – сон |
а (a) – сан |
dream |
Old Church Slavonic лъ/ль |
ъл (əl) – сълза |
лъ/ъл (lə/əl) – сълза |
oл (ɔl) – солза |
vocalic l/ъ (ə) – слза/съза depending on region |
у (u) – суза |
tear |
Old Church Slavonic x /x/ |
Preserved – бях, but often omitted in the beginning of words - убаво |
Preserved – бях, хубаво |
Lost or replaced by ф/в (f/v) – бев, убаво |
Preserved – бех, хубаво |
Preserved – бех, хубаво |
was, nice |
Vowel reduction |
Yes |
Yes |
No |
No |
No |
|
Definite article |
Single definite article – момчето |
Single definite article – момчето |
Triple definite article – момчето, момчево, момчено |
Single definite article – момчето |
Single definite article – момчето |
the boy |
Ending of verbs in 1st person sing. present time |
only ам – читам, пишувам |
а (я) – 1st and 2nd conjugation, ам (ям) – 3rd – чета, пиша |
only ам – читам, пишувам |
а – 1st and 2nd conjugation, ам – 3rd – чета, пиша |
only (и/е)м – четем, пишем |
(I) read, (I) write |
Formation of past perfect tense |
бех/бях + past participle – бех писал, бях молил |
бях + past participle – бях писал, бях молил |
имам + past passive aorist participle – имам пишано, имам молено |
бeх + past participle – бех писал, бех молил |
бех + past participle – бех писал, бeх молил |
(I) had read, (I) had written |
Word stress |
Dynamic - доби́ток, пера́м |
Dynamic - доби́тък, пера́ |
Fixed antepenultimate - до́биток, пе́рам |
Dynamic – доби́ток, пера́ |
Dynamic – доби́ток, пере́м |
cattle, (I) wash |