Academic Use
Some biologists have used she-male to refer to male non-human animals displaying female traits or behaviors, such as female pheromones being given off by male reptiles. Biologist Joan Roughgarden has criticised the use of the term in the reptile literature, which she says is "degrading and has been borrowed from the porn industry." She writes that gynomorphic male and andromorphic female are preferred, adding, "I hope future work on these animals is carried out with more professionalism."
The term is also used by some psychologists to refer specifically to male-to-female transsexual people who have transitioned to female at least cosmetically, such as with breast augmentation, but have not undergone genital surgery.
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