Ruler Styles
- The title padishah (Great King) was also adopted from the Iranians by the Ottomans and by various other Islamic monarchs claiming imperial rank, such as the Indian Mughals.
- Another subsidiary style of the Ottoman sultan khan was Shah-i-Alam Panah, meaning "King, refuge of the world".
- Some monarchs were known by a contraction of the kingdom's name with shah, such as Khwarezmshah, ruler of the short-lived Muslim realm of Khwarezmia, or the Azeri Shirvanshah of Shirvan (later a minor khanate).
- The kings of Georgia called themselves shahanshah alongside their other titles.
Read more about this topic: Shah
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