Serfdom - Dates of Emancipation From Serfdom in Various Countries

Dates of Emancipation From Serfdom in Various Countries

  • Scotland: neyfs (serfs) disappeared by late 14th century, but heritable jurisdictions survived until 1747.
  • England & Wales: obsolete by 15th-16th century,
  • Wallachia: officially ended in 1746 (land reforms in 1864)
  • Moldavia: officially ended in 1749 (land reforms in 1864)
  • Savoy: 19 December 1771
  • Austria: 1 November 1781 (first step; second step: 1848)
  • Bohemia: 1 November 1781 (first step; second step: 1848)
  • Baden: 23 July 1783
  • Denmark: 20 June 1788
  • Helvetic Republic: 4 May 1798
  • Batavian Republic (Netherlands): constitution of 12 June 1798 (in theory; in practice with the introduction of the French Code Napoléon in 1811)
  • Serbia: 1804 (de facto, de jure in 1830)
  • Schleswig-Holstein: 19 December 1804
  • Swedish Pomerania: 4 July 1806
  • Duchy of Warsaw (Poland): 22 July 1807
  • Prussia: 9 October 1807 (effectively 1811-1823)
  • Mecklenburg: October 1807 (effectively 1820)
  • Bavaria: 31 August 1808
  • Nassau: 1 September 1812
  • Governorate of Estonia: 23 March 1816
  • Governorate of Courland: 25 August 1817
  • Württemberg: 18 November 1817
  • Governorate of Livonia: 26 March 1819
  • Hanover: 1831
  • Saxony: 17 March 1832
  • Hungary: 11 April 1848
  • Croatia: 8 May 1848
  • Austrian Empire: 7 September 1848
  • Bulgaria: 1858 (de jure by Ottoman Empire; de facto in 1880)
  • Russian Empire: 19 February 1861 (see Emancipation reform of 1861)
  • Tonga: 1862
  • Hawaii: 1835
  • Congress Poland: 1864
  • Georgia: 1864-1871
  • Kalmykia: 1892
  • Iceland: 1894 (completely)
  • Bosnia and Herzegovina: 1918
  • Afghanistan: 1923
  • Bhutan: officially abolished by 1959
  • Tibet, People's Republic of China: March 29, 1959, but use of "serf" for Tibet is controversial

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