List of Scottish engineers and scientists is a list of Scottish scientists.
| Scientist | Lifespan | Primary field | Note |
|---|---|---|---|
| Key figures | Scottish Enlightenment | ||
| Thomas Addison | 1881–1949 | physician | nephrology pioneer |
| William Aiton | 1731–1793 | botanist | |
| Alexander Anderson | 158?–162? | mathematician | c. 1582– c. 1620 |
| William Arthur | 1894–1979 | mathematician | |
| John Logie Baird | 1888-1946 | engineer | television inventor |
| Ken Bairden | 1943–2007 | parasitologist, epidemiologist, veterinarian | |
| John Hutton Balfour | 1808–1884 | botanist | |
| Alexander Graham Bell | 1847-1922 | engineer, scientist | telephone inventor |
| Eric Temple Bell | 1883–1960 | mathematician | |
| James W. Black | 1924-2010 | physician | Nobel Prize for Medicine, 1988 |
| Joseph Black | 1728–1799 | scientist | carbon dioxide discoverer |
| David Brewster | 1781–1868 | scientist | Royal Scottish Society of Arts founder |
| Thomas Brisbane | 1773–1860 | astronomer | |
| Robert Brown | 1773–1858 | botanist | Brownian Motion discoverer |
| David Bruce | 1855–1931 | pathologist, microbiologist | |
| Phillip Clancey | 1917–2001 | ornithologist | ornithology pioneer |
| John Craig | 1663–1731 | mathematician | Newton colleague |
| James Croll | 1821-1890 | scientist | astronomical theory of 19th-century climate change, leading proponent |
| Alexander Crum Brown | 1838–1922 | chemist | organic chemistry |
| William Cullen | 1710–1790 | physician, chemist | |
| James Dewar | 1842–1923 | physicist | low temperature, vacuum flask inventor |
| David Drysdale | 1877–1946 | mathematician | |
| James Alfred Ewing | 1855–1935 | physicist, engineer | |
| Hugh Falconer | 1808–1865 | paleontologist | |
| James Ferguson | 1710–1776 | astronomer, instrument maker | |
| Alexander Fleming | 1881–1955 | microbiologist | Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, 1945 |
| Williamina Fleming | 1857–1911 | astronomer | cataloguing of stars contributor |
| James David Forbes | 1809–1868 | physicist, geologist | |
| Professor George Forbes | 1849–1936 | scientist | electrical engineering, hydro-electric power generation |
| Robert Fortune | 1813–1880 | botanist | |
| John Fraser | 1750-1811 | botanist, plant collector | |
| Patrick Geddes | 1854–1932 | biologist | urban theorist |
| Sir David Gill | 1843–1914 | astronomer | astrophotography pioneer |
| Thomas Graham | 1805–1869 | chemist | dialysis discovered |
| James Gregory | 1638–1675 | astronomer, mathematician | Gregorian reflecting telescope, first described, Robert Hooke later built |
| James Hall | 1761–1832 | geologist | |
| M R Henderson | 1899-1982 | botanist | |
| Thomas Henderson | 1798–1844 | astronomer | Alpha Centauri, first measured distance |
| James Hutton | 1726–1797 | geologist | scientific basis of geology established |
| Robert T. A. Innes | 1861–1933 | astronomer | Proxima Centauri discoverer |
| James Ivory | 1765–1842 | mathematician | |
| William Jardine | 1800–1874 | naturalist | |
| Norman Boyd Kinnear | 1882–1957 | zoologist | |
| Johann von Lamont | 1805–1879 | astronomer | Uranus and Saturn moon orbits calculated |
| John Leslie | 1766–1832 | mathematician, physicist | heat research |
| Joseph Lister, 1st Baron Lister, OM, FRS | 1827–1912 | surgeon | antiseptic surgery introduced, eponymous Listerine |
| Sir Charles Lyell, 1st Baronet, Kt FRS | 1797–1875 | geologist, lawyer | geology pioneer, (British), foremost of his day |
| John Macadam | 1827–1865 | botanist | (Scottish-born Australian) |
| William MacGillivray | 1796–1852 | naturalist | |
| Sheila Scott Macintyre | 1910–1960 | mathematician | |
| Colin Maclaurin | 1698–1746 | mathematician | maclaurin series developer |
| Anna MacGillivray Macleod | 1917-2004 | botanist, biochemist, | professor of brewing |
| John James Rickard Macleod | 1876–1935 | biochemist, physiologist | Nobel Prize laureate, 1923 |
| John George Macleod | 1915-2006 | physician | author of medical books |
| William Maclure | 1760–1843 | geologist | |
| Alan MacMasters | 1865–1927 | scientist, inventor, industrialist | inventor of the toaster |
| Francis Masson | 1741–180? | botanist | 1741– c. 1805 |
| James Clerk Maxwell | 1831–1879 | scientist | thermodynamics, electromagnetics theorist |
| Archibald Menzies | 1754–1852 | botanist, explorer | |
| Philip Miller | 1691–1771 | botanist | |
| Roderick Murchison | 1792–1871 | geologist | Silurian period first described, investigated |
| Alexander Murray | 1810–1884 | geologist | |
| John Napier | 1550–1617 | mathematician | logarithms |
| William Robert Ogilvie-Grant | 1863–1924 | ornithologist | |
| Sir William Ramsay | 1852–1916 | chemist | Nobel prize in Chemistry, 1904 |
| William John Macquorn Rankine | 1820–1872 | engineer, physicist | Rankine thermodynamic scale (absolute temperature), proposer |
| John Richardson | 1787–1865 | naturalist | |
| William Roxburgh | 1759–1815 | botanist | |
| Daniel Rutherford | 1749-1819 | chemist | nitrogen element discoverer |
| Sir James Young Simpson | 1811-1870 | physician | anaesthetic chloroform discoverer, midwifery pioneer |
| Andrew Smith | 1797–1872 | zoologist | |
| Charles Piazzi Smyth | 1819–1900 | astronomer | Astronomer Royal of Scotland |
| Robert Angus Smith | 1817–1884 | chemist | environmental chemistry, acid rain, discoverer |
| Mary Somerville | mathematician, astronomer | ||
| Matthew Stewart | 1717–1785 | mathematician | |
| James Stirling | 1692–1770 | mathematician | |
| John Struthers | 1823-1899 | anatomist | |
| William Thomson, Lord Kelvin | 1824–1907 | mathematician, physicist, engineer | |
| Thomas Telford | 1757–1834 | engineer, architect | civil engineer, canal builder |
| James Watt | 1736–1819 | mathematician, engineer | steam engine improvements contributed key stage in the Industrial Revolution. |
| Robert Watson-Watt | 1892–1973 | scientist | radar inventor |
| Joseph Wedderburn | 1882–1948 | mathematician | |
| Alexander Wilson | 1766–1813 | ornithologist | ornithology pioneer pre-Audubon (American) |
| Charles Wilson | 1869–1959 | physicist | cloud chamber inventor |
| James 'Paraffin' Young | 1811–1883 | chemist | |
| William Fairbairn | 1789–1874 | engineer | structural |
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Famous quotes containing the words scottish and/or scientists:
“Our noble King, King Henery the eighth,
Ouer the riuer of Thames past hee.”
—Unknown. Sir Andrew Barton. . .
English and Scottish Ballads (The Poetry Bookshelf)
“The myth of motherhood as martyrdom has been bred into women, and behavioral scientists have helped embellish the myth with their ideas of correct “feminine” behavior. If women understand that they do not have to ignore their own needs and desires when they become mothers, that to be self-interested is not to be selfish, it will help them to avoid the trap of overattachment.”
—Grace Baruch (20th century)