The Science Society of China (simplified Chinese: 中国科学社; traditional Chinese: 中國科學社, 1915-1960) was a major science organization in the modern history of China. It was initiated by Chinese students at Cornell University in 1914 and later renamed Science Society of China. In 1915 it began publication in China of a major journal, Kexue (Science), which was patterned on the journal of the American Association for the Advancement of Science. In 1918 Science Society of China founded headquarter in Nanjing. In 1922 the Society established a major biological research laboratory in Nanjing. The Society devoted itself to the popularization of science, the improvement of science education, the standardization in Chinese translation of scientific vocabularies, and participation in international scientific meetings. It was the leading scientific organization in China prior to the establishment of government-sponsored Academia Sinica (1928) and Chinese Academy of Sciences (1949).
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