History
A summary of the important developments in sandwich structures is given below.
- 230 BC Archimedes describes the laws of levers and a way to calculate density.
- 25 BC Vitruvius reports about the efficient use of materials in Roman truss roof structures.
- 1493 Leonardo da Vinci discovers the neutral axis and load-deflection relations in three-point bending.
- 1570 Palladio presents truss beam constructions with diagonal beams to prevent shear deformations.
- 1638 Galileo Galilei describes the efficiency of tubes versus solid rods.
- 1652 Wendelin Schildknecht reports about sandwich beam structures with curved wooden beam reinforcements.
- 1726 Jacob Leupold documents tubular bridges with compression-loaded roofs.
- 1786 Victor Louis uses iron sandwich beams in the galleries of the Palais-Royal in Paris.
- 1802 Jean-Baptiste Rondelet analyses and documents the sandwich effect in a beam with spacers.
- 1820 Alphonse Duleau discovers and publishes the moment of inertia for sandwich constructions.
- 1830 Robert Stephenson builds the Planet locomotive using a sandwich beam frame made of wood plated with iron
The 1940 de Havilland Mosquito was built with sandwich composites; a balsa-wood core with plywood skins.
Read more about this topic: Sandwich-structured Composite
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