Carbon and Alloy Steel
Carbon steels and alloy steels are designated by a four digit number, where the first digit indicates the main alloying element(s), the second digit indicates the secondary alloying element(s), and the last two digits indicate the amount of carbon, in hundredths of a percent (basis points) by weight. For example, a 1060 steel is a plain-carbon steel containing 0.60 wt% C.
An "H" suffix can be added to any designation to denote hardenability is a major requirement. The chemical requirements are loosened but hardness values defined for various distances on a Jominy test.
| SAE designation | Type |
|---|---|
| 1xxx | Carbon steels |
| 2xxx | Nickel steels |
| 3xxx | Nickel-chromium steels |
| 4xxx | Molybdenum steels |
| 5xxx | Chromium steels |
| 6xxx | Chromium-vanadium steels |
| 7xxx | Tungsten steels |
| 8xxx | Nickel-chromium-molybdenum steels |
| 9xxx | Silicon-manganese steels |
| SAE designation | Type |
|---|---|
| Carbon steels | |
| 10xx | Plain carbon (Mn 1.00% max) |
| 11xx | Resulfurized |
| 12xx | Resulfurized and rephosphorized |
| 15xx | Plain carbon (Mn 1.00% to 1.65%) |
| Manganese steels | |
| 13xx | Mn 1.75% |
| Nickel steels | |
| 23xx | Ni 3.50% |
| 25xx | Ni 5.00% |
| Nickel-chromium steels | |
| 31xx | Ni 1.25%, Cr 0.65% or 0.80% |
| 32xx | Ni 1.25%, Cr 1.07% |
| 33xx | Ni 3.50%, Cr 1.50% or 1.57% |
| 34xx | Ni 3.00%, Cr 0.77% |
| Molybdenum steels | |
| 40xx | Mo 0.20% or 0.25% or 0.25% Mo & 0.042 S |
| 44xx | Mo 0.40% or 0.52% |
| Chromium-molybdenum (Chromoly) steels | |
| 41xx | Cr 0.50% or 0.80% or 0.95%, Mo 0.12% or 0.20% or 0.25% or 0.30% |
| Nickel-chromium-molybdenum steels | |
| 43xx | Ni 1.82%, Cr 0.50% to 0.80%, Mo 0.25% |
| 43BVxx | Ni 1.82%, Cr 0.50%, Mo 0.12% or 0.35%, V 0.03% min |
| 47xx | Ni 1.05%, Cr 0.45%, Mo 0.20% or 0.35% |
| 81xx | Ni 0.30%, Cr 0.40%, Mo 0.12% |
| 81Bxx | Ni 0.30%, Cr 0.45%, Mo 0.12% |
| 86xx | Ni 0.55%, Cr 0.50%, Mo 0.20% |
| 87xx | Ni 0.55%, Cr 0.50%, Mo 0.25% |
| 88xx | Ni 0.55%, Cr 0.50%, Mo 0.35% |
| 93xx | Ni 3.25%, Cr 1.20%, Mo 0.12% |
| 94xx | Ni 0.45%, Cr 0.40%, Mo 0.12% |
| 97xx | Ni 0.55%, Cr 0.20%, Mo 0.20% |
| 98xx | Ni 1.00%, Cr 0.80%, Mo 0.25% |
| Nickel-molybdenum steels | |
| 46xx | Ni 0.85% or 1.82%, Mo 0.20% or 0.25% |
| 48xx | Ni 3.50%, Mo 0.25% |
| Chromium steels | |
| 50xx | Cr 0.27% or 0.40% or 0.50% or 0.65% |
| 50xxx | Cr 0.50%, C 1.00% min |
| 50Bxx | Cr 0.28% or 0.50% |
| 51xx | Cr 0.80% or 0.87% or 0.92% or 1.00% or 1.05% |
| 51xxx | Cr 1.02%, C 1.00% min |
| 51Bxx | Cr 0.80% |
| 52xxx | Cr 1.45%, C 1.00% min |
| Chromium-vanadium steels | |
| 61xx | Cr 0.60% or 0.80% or 0.95%, V 0.10% or 0.15% min |
| Tungsten-chromium steels | |
| 72xx | W 1.75%, Cr 0.75% |
| Silicon-manganese steels | |
| 92xx | Si 1.40% or 2.00%, Mn 0.65% or 0.82% or 0.85%, Cr 0.00% or 0.65% |
| High-strength low-alloy steels | |
| 9xx | Various SAE grades |
| xxBxx | Boron steels |
| xxLxx | Leaded steels |
Read more about this topic: SAE Steel Grades
Famous quotes containing the words alloy and/or steel:
“I live in the angle of a leaden wall, into whose composition was poured a little alloy of bell-metal. Often, in the repose of my mid-day, there reaches my ears a confused tintinnabulum from without. It is the noise of my contemporaries.”
—Henry David Thoreau (1817–1862)
“You don’t resign from these jobs, you escape from them.”
—Dawn Steel (b. 1946)