Preparation
Rieke metals are usually prepared by a reduction of a THF suspension of an anhydrous metal chloride with an alkali metal. Typical alkali metals used in this method are potassium, sodium, and lithium. For example, the preparation of Rieke magnesium employs potassium as the reductant:
- MgCl2 + 2 K → Mg + 2 KCl
More recent reports emphasize the use of the less hazardous lithium metal in place of potassium. Among the many metals that have been generated by this method are Mg, Ca, Ti, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, In.
In some cases the reaction is carried out with a catalytic amount of an electron carrier such as biphenyl or naphthalene. The coprecipitated alkali metal chloride is usually not separated from the highly reactive metal, which is generally used in situ.
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