Red Thunder Cloud (May 30, 1919 – January 8, 1996), whose English name was Cromwell Ashbie Hawkins West and who was also known as Carlos Westez, was the last native speaker of the Catawba Indian language. His obituary was later published in this language in the New York Times. Born in Newport, Rhode Island, of African-American parents, Cromwell West developed a passion for Native American history during his teenage years. He embraced a Native American identity and throughout his life, studied Native American languages extensively.
Gordon (2005) reports the other last native speakers of Catawba died before 1960. There are claims that Red Thunder Cloud is apparently an impostor and he is not really a native speaker of Catawban.
Famous quotes containing the words red, thunder and/or cloud:
“they burned Joan
and many, and many,
burned at the stake,
peeling their skin off,
boiling their good red blood,
their hearts like eggs....”
—Anne Sexton (1928–1974)
“It is the mind that is woven, the mind that was jerked
And tufted in straggling thunder and shattered sun.”
—Wallace Stevens (1879–1955)
“These boys who love their mother
who loves men, who passes on
her sons to other women;
The cloud across the sky. The windy pines.
the trickle gurgle in the swampy meadow
this is our body.”
—Gary Snyder (b. 1930)