The quadratic residuosity problem in computational number theory is the question of distinguishing by calculating the quadratic residues modulo N, where N is a composite number. This is an important consideration in contemporary cryptography.
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“The thinking person has the strange characteristic to like to create a fantasy in the place of the unsolved problem, a fantasy that stays with the person even when the problem has been solved and truth made its appearance.”
—Johann Wolfgang Von Goethe (17491832)