Pulmonary hygiene, (formerly referred to as pulmonary toilet) is a set of methods used to clear mucus and secretions from the airways. The word pulmonary refers to the lungs. The word toilet is related to the French toilette, refers to body care and hygiene; this root is used in words such as toiletry that also relate to cleansing. These methods are widely used by Physiotherapists/specialist Physiotherapists who are specialising in Cardiopulmonary field.
Respiratory health (pulmonary hygiene) depends on consistent clearance of airway secretions. Normal airway clearance is accomplished by 2 important mechanisms: the mucociliary clearance system and the ability to cough. Impaired mucociliary clearance is linked to poor lung function in a broad range of diseases and disabilities.
Pulmonary hygiene prevents atelectasis (the collapse of the alveoli of the lungs) and rids the respiratory system of secretions, which could cause respiratory infections. It can also decrease pulmonary shunting, increase the functional reserve capacity of the lungs, and prevent respiratory infection after chest trauma. Methods include using suction to remove fluids and placing the patient in a position that allows secretions to drain by gravity.
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