Usage in The Roman Catholic Church
It was formerly the rule that the heads of all Curial Congregations must be cardinals, and until the later 20th century they were titled Pro-Prefects until they were raised to that dignity.
On their appointment, Nuncios are also appointed bishops. In the time of Pope Pius XII, some priests were appointed Nuncios without being raised to the status of bishop. They were not called "Pro-Nuncios", a title that historically was given to Nuncios from the moment their appointment as cardinals was announced until their departure for Rome, and that was revived for some twenty years (ending in 1991) as a distinct title for Nuncios accredited to those countries that did not follow the tradition of considering the Nuncio as Dean of the Diplomatic Corps from the moment he presented his credentials.
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