The pharyngeal muscles are a group of muscles that act upon the pharynx. Pharyngeal muscles contracts pushing the food into the esophagus. They include:
- Inferior constrictor muscle
- Middle constrictor muscle
- Superior constrictor muscle
- Stylopharyngeus muscle
- Salpingopharyngeus muscle
- Palatopharyngeus muscle
They are innervated by the pharyngeal branch of the Vagus nerve (CN X) with the exception of the stylopharyngeus muscle which is innervated by the glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX).
|
List of muscles of head and neck: the neck (TA A04.2, GA 4.387)
|
|
| Cervical |
CN VII (superficial, PC): platysma
CN XI (deep): sternocleidomastoid
C1–C6 (anterior): Prevertebral muscles: longus (capitis, colli)
C3–C8 (lateral): scalene (anterior, medius, posterior)
|
|
| Suboccipital |
C1: rectus capitis posterior (major, minor) · obliquus capitis (inferior, superior)
C1–C6 (anterior): Prevertebral muscles: rectus capitis (anterior, lateralis)
|
|
| Suprahyoid |
CN V3 (medial): mylohyoid · anterior belly of digastric
CN VII (lateral): stylohyoid · posterior belly of digastric
C1 (deep): geniohyoid
|
|
| Infrahyoid/strap |
C1: thyrohyoid
C1–C3: sternohyoid · sternothyroid · omohyoid
|
|
| Fasciae |
Deep cervical fascia (Pretracheal fascia, Prevertebral fascia, Investing layer) · Carotid sheath · Alar fascia
pharynx: Buccopharyngeal fascia · Pharyngobasilar fascia
Palatine aponeurosis
Pharyngeal raphe
|
|
| Pharynx |
pharyngeal constrictor (superior, middle, inferior) · longitudinal (stylopharyngeus, salpingopharyngeus)
|
|
| Larynx |
cricothyroid · cricoarytenoid (posterior, lateral) · arytenoid (oblique arytenoid/aryepiglottic, transverse arytenoid) · thyroarytenoid (vocal, thyroepiglottic)
|
|
|
M: MUS, DF+DRCT
|
anat (h/n, u, t/d, a/p, l)/phys/devp/hist
|
noco (m, s, c)/cong (d)/tumr, sysi/epon, injr
|
proc, drug (M1A/3)
|
|
|
|
|
Anatomy of torso, digestive system: Gastrointestinal tract, excluding mouth (TA A05.3–7, TH H3.04.02-04, GA 11.1141)
|
|
| Upper GI |
|
Hypo- pharynx
|
- spaces:
- Peripharyngeal space
- Retropharyngeal space
- Parapharyngeal space
- Retrovisceral space
- Retropharyngeal space
- Danger space
- Prevertebral space
- Pterygomandibular raphe
- Pharyngeal raphe
- Buccopharyngeal fascia
- Pharyngobasilar fascia
|
|
|
Esophagus
|
- UES
- LES
- Esophageal glands
- Serosa / Adventitia
- Muscular layer
- Submucosa
- Mucosa
|
|
|
Stomach
|
- by region:
- Greater curvature
- Lesser curvature
- Cardia
- Body
- Fundus
- Pylorus
- Pyloric antrum
- Pyloric canal
- by layer:
- Serosa
- Muscular layer
- Submucosa
- Gastric mucosa
- Muscularis mucosa
- Gastric rugae
- Gastric pits
- Gastric gland
- Cardiac glands
- Fundic glands
- Pyloric glands
|
|
|
| Lower GI |
|
Intestine: small
|
|
Layers
|
- Serosa
- Subserosa
- Muscular layer
- Circular folds
- Submucosa
- Mucosa
- Muscularis mucosa
- Peyer's patches
- Intestinal villus
- Intestinal gland
|
|
|
Duodenum
|
- Suspensory muscle
- Major duodenal papilla
- Minor duodenal papilla
- Duodenal cap
- Duodenojejunal flexure
- Brunner's glands
|
|
|
Jejunum
|
|
|
|
Ileum
|
- Terminal ileum
- Ileocecal valve
|
|
|
|
Intestine: large
|
|
Layers
|
- Serosa
- Subserosa
- Muscular layer
- Submucosa
- Mucosa
|
|
|
Cecum
|
|
|
|
Colon
|
- ascending colon
- hepatic flexure
- transverse colon
- splenic flexure
- descending colon
- sigmoid colon
- continuous
- taenia coli
- haustra
- epiploic appendix
|
|
|
Rectum
|
- Transverse folds of rectum
- Rectal ampulla
|
|
|
Anal canal
|
- Anal columns
- Anal valves
- Anal sinuses
- Pectinate line
- Sphincter ani internus muscle
- Intersphincteric groove
- Sphincter ani externus muscle
|
|
|
|
|
M: DIG
|
anat (t, g, p)/phys/devp/enzy
|
noco/cong/tumr, sysi/epon
|
proc, drug (A2A/2B/3/4/5/6/7/14/16), blte
|
|
|
|