Diagnosis
Recommended tests are a mammogram and a biopsy to confirm the diagnosis, and cytopathology may also be helpful. Paget's disease is difficult to diagnose due to its resemblance to dermatitis and eczema. Eczema tends to affect the areola first, and then the nipple, whereas Paget's spreads from the nipple.
During a physical examination, the doctor examines the unusual areas of the breast, especially the appearance of the skin on and around the nipples and feeling for any lumps or areas of thickening.
The most common test used to diagnose Paget's disease is the biopsy, removal of a tissue sample from the affected area which is then examined under the microscope by a pathologist, who distinguishes Paget cells from other cell types by staining tissues to identify specific cells (immunohistochemistry). Samples of nipple discharge may also be examined under the microscope to determine whether Paget cells are present.
Imprint or scrape cytopathology may be useful: scraping cells from the affected area, or pressing them onto a glass slide to be examined under the microscope.
Read more about this topic: Paget's Disease Of The Breast