In physics, astronomy, and chemistry, number density (symbol: n) is an intensive quantity used to describe the degree of concentration of countable objects (particles, molecules, phonons, galaxies, etc.) in the three-dimensional physical space. Area number density (number of entities per unit surface area) and linear number density (number of entities per unit length) are defined analogously. The term number concentration (symbol: C) is sometimes used in chemistry for the same quantity, particularly when comparing with other concentrations.
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“Can a woman become a genius of the first class? Nobody can know unless women in general shall have equal opportunity with men in education, in vocational choice, and in social welcome of their best intellectual work for a number of generations.”
—Anna Garlin Spencer (1851–1931)