Reasons For The NCMP Scheme
During the Second Reading of the NCMP bill, the Prime Minister Lee Kuan Yew presented to Parliament three main justifications for the NCMP scheme. First, he said that having a minimum number of opposition members in Parliament through the NCMP scheme would provide younger People's Action Party ("PAP") MPs with sparring partners to "sharpen their debating skills". Secondly, the presence of opposition members in Parliament would educate the younger generation of voters about the role of a constitutional opposition and the limits of what it can do. He said this was especially important because the younger generation who had not lived and witnessed the conflicts within Parliament in the 1950s and 1960s "harbour myths about the role of an Opposition" and "had no idea how destructive an Opposition could be". Thirdly, the presence of non-PAP MPs in Parliament would act as a check and balance against any governmental impropriety. According to Lee, "some non-PAP MPs will ensure that every suspicion, every rumour of misconduct, will be reported to the non-PAP MPs". The readiness of non-PAP members to bring forth any allegation of misfeasance, or corruption, or nepotism would "dispel suspicions of cover-ups of alleged wrongdoings".
More importantly, the NCMP scheme was introduced to "ensure the representation in Parliament of a minimum number of Members from a political party or parties not forming the Government". The PAP possessed "unbroken hegemony" in Parliament from 1968 until 1981 when J.B. Jeyaretnam won a seat in the Anson by-election. As a result of his sole opposition presence in the Parliament, he could not initiate a meaningful debate in Parliament, being unable to find another MP to second his motions. The fact that there was absolutely no opposition representation in Parliament in the four general elections before 1984 (as indicated in the table below) added to the impetus for the inception of the scheme.
| Year of general election |
Percentage of votes won by the PAP |
Percentage of votes won by the opposition |
Number of seats won by the PAP |
Number of seats won by the opposition |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1968 | 89.7% | 13.3% | 21 | 0 |
| 1972 | 70.4% | 29.6% | 65 | 0 |
| 1976 | 74.1% | 25.9% | 69 | 0 |
| 1980 | 77.7% | 22.3% | 75 | 0 |
In 2011, the Government defended the NCMP scheme by stating that many electoral divisions actually want the ruling PAP to form the government, but also want the "luxury" of voting opposition members into Parliament. The scheme thus allows citizens to enjoy both.
Read more about this topic: Non-constituency Member Of Parliament
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