The Agreement between the Republic of Indonesia and the Kingdom of the Netherlands Concerning West New Guinea (West Irian), also known as the New York Agreement, was a treaty signed between the Netherlands, Indonesia and the United Nations on the administration of West New Guinea. Signed at the United Nations Headquarters in New York on 15 August 1962, it ended a territorial dispute existing between the two countries since the Indonesian War of Independence in 1949.
The United States, seeking to prevent a potential opening for the Soviet bloc, had mediated between the two countries pressuring the Netherlands to accept a brief administration by the United Nations before the administration was entrusted to Indonesia pending an "act of self-determination". The run-up to the agreement polarized the United Nations between the countries which supported Indonesia's claim of sovereignty, and the countries which supported the Netherlands' bid for United Nations Trusteeship of the territory. The New York Agreement came into effect with the passing at the United Nations of General Assembly resolution 1752 (XVII).
In 1969 Indonesia conducted an event called the act of free choice as its execution of the "act of self-determination" defined in the New York Agreement. The implementation of the New York Agreement had been a common grievance of supporters of West New Guinea independence because the territory was not consulted in its formation, but supporters in 2012 began to lobby the United Nations to fulfill trusteeship functions required by chapters 11 to 13 of the United Nations charter under General Assembly resolution 1752 (XVII).
Read more about New York Agreement: Background, Negotiations, Implementation
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