Mott Insulator - Mottness

Mottness denotes the additional ingredient, aside from antiferromagnetic ordering, which is necessary to fully describe a Mott Insulator. In other words, we might write

antiferromagnetic order + mottness = Mott insulator

Thus, mottness accounts for all of the properties of Mott insulators that cannot be attributed simply to antiferromagnetism.

There are a number of properties of Mott insulators, derived from both experimental and theoretical observations, which cannot be attributed to antiferromagnetic ordering and thus constitute mottness. These properties include

• Spectral weight transfer on the Mott scale
• Vanishing of the single particle Green function along a connected surface in momentum space in the first brillouin zone
• Two sign changes of the Hall coefficient as electron doping goes from to (band insulators have only one sign change at )
• The presence of a charge (with the charge of an electron) boson at low energies
• A pseudogap away from half-filling