The Majiayao culture (simplified Chinese: 马家窑文化; traditional Chinese: 馬家窰文化; pinyin: Mǎjiāyáo Wénhuà) is a name given by archaeologists to a group of Neolithic communities who lived primarily in the upper Yellow River region in eastern Gansu, eastern Qinghai and northern Sichuan, China. The culture existed from 3100 BC to 2700 BC. Some of the earliest discoveries of copper and bronze objects in China occur at Majiayao sites.
The transition from Yangshao to Majiayao coincides, climatically, with the Piora Oscillation.
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“Without metaphor the handling of general concepts such as culture and civilization becomes impossible, and that of disease and disorder is the obvious one for the case in point. Is not crisis itself a concept we owe to Hippocrates? In the social and cultural domain no metaphor is more apt than the pathological one.”
—Johan Huizinga (1872–1945)