Load Regulation - Definitions

Definitions

Load regulation of a constant-voltage source is defined by the equation:

Where:

  • is the voltage at maximum load. The maximum load is the one that draws the greatest current, i.e., the lowest specified load resistance (never short circuit);
  • is the voltage at minimum load. The minimum load is the one that draws the least current, i.e. the highest specified load resistance (possibly open circuit for some types of linear supplies, usually limited by pass transistor minimum bias levels);
  • is the voltage at the typical specified load.

For a constant-current supply, the above equation uses currents instead of voltages, and the maximum and minimum load values are when the largest and smallest specified voltage across the load are produced.

For switching power supplies, the primary source of regulation error is switching ripple, rather than control loop precision. In such cases, load regulation is defined without normalizing to voltage at nominal load and has the unit of volts, not a percentage.

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